Carbureter.



L. J. HIRT.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28.1916. l

Patented Oct. 16,1917.

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LOUIS JOSEPH HIBT, 0F 'YONKERS, NEW YORK.

CALRBURETEB.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 16, 119117.

Application led September 28, 1916. Serial No. 122,595.

To 7l whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, Louis JOSEPH HIRT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Yonkers, in the county of Vestchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters. The object of the invention is to produce an eiiicient carbureter for vaporization of different grades of liquid fuel and in which adequate provision is made for variation of the quantity of gas passing to the engine and also for regulation of the relative quantities of exterior cold air and of warmed air taken into the carbureter, which is provided with an electric heater for preheating thc liquid fuel prior to its atomization and vaporization and mixture with the admitted warmed air volumes.

In the accompanying drawing forming a, part hereof and which shows a vertical central elevation of my new carbureter with a liquid-fuel float-valve structure indicated as an integral part of the bottom-casing-forming member of the carbureter, the upper carbureter casing member A is tubular and formed near its lower end with an intake port a for admission of exterior cold air or air at normal outside temperature. Casing member A is carried by a bottom casing member A', the two casings being secured together, and an extension A2 of casing member A is chambered for the usual float valve. The lower casing member A has a warmed air intake-port a in communication with a chamber a2 formed within the body casing member A', such member being riso formed with a liquid-fuel receiving chamber a3 which is in communication with liquid-fuel supply passage a4 from the 'il'oat-valve chamber in extension A2.

Within the chamber of the upper member A. I mount a tubular choke ring 1 which is slidably adjustable up and down in the.` chamber of that member, the upper end of the choke-ring being upwardly and O utwardly beveled at 2, and its lower end being downwardly and outwardly beveled at 3.

T his choke ring is held in adjusted position by a set-screw 4f through the wall of casing member A. In use, choke ring 1 is stationary. An endwise-movable choke-ring 5, having an exterior diameter less than the .interior diameter of the stationary choke-ring 1, is mounted at or near the lower end of the stationary choke-sleeve, and is provided with an exterior protecting pin indicated by 6, with which the inward end of an adjusting lever 7 is connected, this lever passing through an opening 8 in the wall of the upper casing member A and being pivoted therein on a pin 9. This endwise movable choke-sleeve 5 is slidably mounted on the exterior wall of an upstanding Venturi tube 10, the upper end of the slidable chokesleevev 5 bein j inwardly and upwardly beveled at 11. vy vertical adjustments of the endwise-movable choke-sleeve relatively to the stationary choke-ringl the area of the annular passage between the choke ring and choke-sleeve may be varied, the exterior airintake port a communicating with the lower end portion of the interiorly tubular casing member A, and the intaken exterior air through port a being sucked upwardly through the annular space between the variably adjacent ends of the stationary chokering and adjustable choke-sleeve. The Venturi tube 10 is screwed into an opening in the top of casing member A at 12, this opening communicating with the warmed air chamber a2 of casing member A. The vaporizing devices comprise an upstanding hollow screw 13 the lower end of which is exteriorly threaded at 14 into a hole in casing member A that connects the liquid-fuel chamber a3 with the warmed-air chamber a2. An upstanding screw 15 which is threaded at 16 into an opening in the bottom of casing member A has its shank passing upwardly through the liquid-fuel chamber a3 into the chamber of the hollow screw 13. The hollow screw 15 is bored endwise from its bottom or head to form two openings 17 for reception of the leads e and e from any suitable source E of electricity, herein indicated as a battery. The upward end portion of screw 15 is reduced in diameter, forming within the chamber of screw 15 a shoulder :c where the bores 17 come out, and above this shoulder the reduced upper portion of screw 15 forms a stem 18. This reduced portion, or stem, is covered by an asbestos insulating sheath 19, and the leads e, e which, within the bores 17 are insulated from the screw 15, are supported by the stem 18 within the upper portion of the chamber of the hollow screw 13, the leads being out of contact with the interior and upper end wall of such chamber. The upper end of the hollow screw 13 is interiorly threaded for reception of a hollow, threaded, atomizing plug 20, the upper end of which is imperforate, and the lower end of which communicates with the chamber of the hollow screw 13. rlhis atomizing plug is formed just above the upper end ,of the hollow screw 13 with lateral fuel exits 21 into the lower portion of the chamber ci? the Venturi tube 10. Within the warmed-air chamber a2 and the lower portion of the chamber of the Venturi tube 10, there is slidably mounted on the exterior of the hollow screw 13, an endwise-movable choke-sleeve 22 having a peripheral groove 23 for reception of the inward end of an adjusting lever 24 which passes through an openin 25 in the side wall of the warmed-air cham er a2, and is pivoted therein by a piin 26. The upper end of this slidable cho e-sleeve 22 is upwardly and inwardly beveled. rlhe area ,of the annular passage between the opposed end walls of the Venturi tube and the choke- V/Sleevef22 may be varied by adjustments of that choke sleeve.

The annular passage between the opposed ends of the stationary choke-ring 1 and of the upper endwise-movable chokesleeve 3 is indicated by p. The annular passage between the lower end of the Venturi tube and the upper end of the under slidable choke-sleeve 22 is indicated by p; and below the shoulder of the upstanding screw 15 and between that shoulder and the lower end of the screw 13, the exterior diameter of the screw 15 is less than the interior diameter of `the chamber of the screw 13 forming an annular passage p2 for fuel in its more or less gaseous flow Afrom the liquid-fuel chamber a3 to the chamber p3 of the hollow screw 13 and wherein the asbestos sheath and heating portions of the leads e, e are contained. The passage connecting this chamber p3 with the fuel exits 21 in the plug screw 20 is' indicated by p4.

The stationary choke-ring 1 may be adjusted at a desired pointbelow the path of the throttle valve B, and the exterlor airintake a and opening 8 through which lever 7 passes, this opening 8 being also an exterior-air intake. By actuation of lever 7, the area of the passage p for cold air or exterior air at atmospheric temperature may be varied at will. By actuation of lever 24 the passage p for warmed air from chamber a2 may be varied at will, and 'the result is that with these adjustments a very considerable and important range of the Vheated air and of the exterior colder air Maaate position oi these parts is obtainable for e@ -variation at will by the operator of the relative volumes of the exterior-intaken air volume and of the intaken warmed-air volume; and at the same time, the liquid-fuel itself is preheated in the chamber p3 whereby relatively heavy liquid-uel may be advantageously used. lThe described beveling of the ends of the stationary choke-ring, of the upper end of the upper slidable choke-sleeve 5, of the lower endet the Venturi tube, and of the upper end of the under slidable choke-sleeve, facilitate the flow and expansion of airor gas as the adjustments are made.

While this carbureter is of general advantage, it is especially advantageous in aviation because as the flying machine rises into the colder and lighter air of higher altitudes, the relative proportions of pre- 8O may be quickly adjusted to keep the supply of mixture at any desired temperature, and thereby enable the aviator to keep the engine compression nearer its normal than he could otherwise keep it, without varying the richness of his mixture.

What l claim is,-

1. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber and a throttle valve within said mixing chamber, an adjustable choke ring below said throttle valve and means to hold said choke ring in adjusted position, an upstanding Venturi tube leading to said choke ring, a liquid fuel supply including a cham bered atomizer within said Venturi tube, an upper choke sleeve slidable on the exterior of said Venturi tube and provided with an accessible operating means, and an under choke sleeve slidable on the exterior of said atomizer and having an accessible operating means.

2. A carbureter comprising, an upper chamber having an internal annular means for partially choking same, an upstanding Venturi tube leading to said choking means, an air supply being provided around said Venturi tube, a choke sleeve slidable on the exterior of said Venturi tube to "vary the air space therearound and provided with an accessible operating means, a fuel supply 11o including a chambered atomizer within said Venturi tube, and an under choke sleeve slidable on the exterior of said atomizer and having an accessible operating means.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day of September, 1916.

LOUlS JOSEPH HIRT. 

